The metal buildings uses steel to form a load-bearing structure. Generally, beams, columns, trusses, and other components made of section steel and steel plates constitute a load-bearing structure, which together with roof, wall, and floor, form a building.
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Compared with traditional concrete buildings, metal structure buildings use steel plates or section steel instead of reinforced concrete, higher strength, and better seismic resistance. And because the components can be manufactured in factories and installed on-site, the construction period is greatly reduced. Due to the reusability of steel, it can greatly reduce construction waste and become more environmentally friendly. Therefore, it is widely used in industrial buildings and civil buildings all over the world.
Advantage
1. Greatly save construction time. Construction is not affected by the season
2. Increase the use area of buildings, reduce construction waste and environmental pollution
3. Building materials can be reused, stimulating the development of other new building materials industries
4. Good seismic performance, easy to transform, flexible and convenient in use, bringing comfort and so on
5. High strength, lightweight, high safety and wealth of components, and lower building cost
Advantages
1. Steel structure residential buildings can be more powerful than ancient Chinese buildings. Considering the relevant regulations on flexible separation of net width in engineering projects, and according to the reduction of column cross-section area and the application of light wall panels, the utilization rate of floor space can be improved, and the standard use area in the room can be increased by about 6%.
2. The actual effect of energy saving and environmental protection is particularly good. The walls are made of light, energy-saving and environmentally standardized C-shaped steel, galvanized square steel and rock wool color steel plates. The thermal insulation is cost-effective and the building seismic grade is good. Energy saving and environmental protection 50%,
3. the steel structure system management for residential buildings can make full use of the steel structure plasticity, plastic deformation capacity, high quality building seismic grade impact resistance, further improve the housing safety reliability. Especially in the case of natural disasters and super typhoon disasters, steel structures can prevent collapse damage of buildings.
The total weight of the construction project, the steel structure residential system management itself is lighter, about half of the concrete structure, can greatly reduce the basic project budget.
The construction speed is quite fast, and the construction period is at least one third lower than that of the traditional residential system management. A building of square meters can be completed in only 20 days and five employees.
6. The actual effect of ecological environment protection is particularly good. Steel structure residential construction greatly reduces the amount of sand, stone, ash, common raw materials are usually green, 100% recycled or melted raw materials, in the project disassembly, most of the raw materials can be replaced or melted, not easy to cause waste.
7. Be flexible and rich. Large clear width scheme design, room interior space design proposal multi-scheme division, can be customer-centric different provisions.
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8. in line with the construction industry and the relevant provisions of today's international relations. The steel structure is suitable for mass production in manufacturing plants, with high intelligent technology, and can integrate advanced products such as energy conservation and environmental protection, waterproof, thermal insulation, doors and windows, etc. into one, mechanical equipment application, integration of scheme design, production and processing, construction, and improvement of the level of the entire industrial chain of infrastructure projects.
defects
1) Diversity
The diversity of engineering quality problems of steel structure engineering projects is mainly manifested in the variety of factors that cause commodity quality problems, and the reasons for commodity quality problems are complex. Even if it is a commodity quality problem with the same characteristics, the reasons are sometimes different, so the analysis, identification and treatment of commodity quality problems improve the diversity. For example, welding gap, which can be produced on welded stainless steel materials, can also be produced in weld heat damage, both from the welding surface, but also in the welding interior; gap forward can be perpendicular to the welding, can also be space quadrilateral welding, gap may be cold gap, may also be hot gap; the cause is improper welding materials and welding heating or improper heat difference.
2. Extensibility
Steel structure construction commodity quality problems will also be accompanied by changes in the outside world and the improvement of time and gradually develop trends change, quality defects gradually reflected. For example, electric welding of steel components can result in gaps due to changes in the stress field, which can cause gaps due to the action of hydrogen-containing activities in the weld after welding. Also if the member bears the load for a long time, the steel member will cause the bending deformation of the lower arch, causing hidden dangers.
3. Serious harm
The serious harm of steel structure engineering project quality problems is mainly reflected in: general, damage to the smooth progress of construction, resulting in delay in construction period, cost increase, very serious, engineering building collapse, resulting in life safety casualties, property damage, resulting in bad social impact.
4. multiple
Because in China, modernist design should take concrete structure as the main body, the construction managers and professional technology are relatively unfamiliar with the production and construction technology of steel structure, and the specific construction personnel with migrant workers as the main body do not understand the scientific research and construction methods of steel structure construction projects, resulting in safety accidents in the whole process of construction.
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