CNA - Special-shaped graphite anode - Google Patents

Special-shaped graphite anode Download PDF

Info

Publication number

CNA

CNA CNXA CNA CNA CN A CN A CN A CN X A CNX A CN XA CN A CN A CN A CN A CN A CN A

Authority

CN

China

Prior art keywords

anode

graphite anode

clamp

graphite

special

Prior art date

-08-06

Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)

Pending

Application number

CNXA

Other languages

Chinese (zh)

Inventor

刘建刚

袁萍

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Jiangxi Rare Earth and Rare Metals Tungsten Group Holding Co Ltd

Original Assignee

Jiangxi Rare Earth and Rare Metals Tungsten Group Holding Co Ltd

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

-08-06

Filing date

-08-06

Publication date

-11-20

-08-06 Application filed by Jiangxi Rare Earth and Rare Metals Tungsten Group Holding Co Ltd filed Critical Jiangxi Rare Earth and Rare Metals Tungsten Group Holding Co Ltd

-08-06 Priority to CNXA priority Critical patent/CNA/en

-11-20 Publication of CNA publication Critical patent/CNA/en

Status Pending legal-status Critical Current

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• Global Dossier
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• OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
• graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
• graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
• thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 11
• electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
• abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
• material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
• rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
• rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
• anode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
• benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
• Product contamination Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
• fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
• rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
• manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
• electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
• method Methods 0.000 description 4
• salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
• diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
• metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• metal Substances 0.000 description 2
• process Effects 0.000 description 2
• working effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
• acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
• alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• change Effects 0.000 description 1
• combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
• corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
• corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
• effects Effects 0.000 description 1
• lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• modification Effects 0.000 description 1
• modification Methods 0.000 description 1
• oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
• oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
• PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1

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• Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

A special-shaped graphite anode is characterized in that: anode-clamp-connected end of the graphite anode is properly thickened by special shape processing to enhance the anti-erosion ability of the graphite anode in air or electrolytic atmosphere so as to ensure that the graphite anode and an anode clamp always are closely connected. The outstanding advantages of the special-shaped graphite anode are that: in a technology for electrolyzing to produce rare earth metals by adding rare earth oxides into a fluoride salt system, the utilization rate of the graphite anode is substantially increased, the material cost is reduced, the contact surface of the anode clamp and the graphite anode is increased, the connection resistance is reduced, further the power consumption is reduced, and the exposure rate and the exposure time of the anode clamp are reduced, so that product contamination caused by a anode material can be reduced, and the product quality can be improved.

Description

Special-shaped graphite anode Technical field The present invention relates to a kind of special-shaped graphite anode of re metal electrolyzing technique. Background technology At present, produce single rare earth metal or rare earth alloy and adopt the villiaumite system to add oxidation Rare Earth Electrolysis technique, this process using blocky graphite, as anode, adopts the upper hanging type anode.In production, graphite anode is connected with positive source by anode clamp.Graphite anode belongs to consumable anode, must regularly change in process of production, with normally carrying out of guaranteeing to produce.In production process, find, it is faster than the spending rate that is in part in molten salt electrolyte that graphite anode is exposed at the spending rate of molten salt electrolyte exterior portion, the result that causes is: 1. being fastenedly connected in advance of graphite anode and anode clamp lost efficacy, graphite anode must be changed in advance, thereby reduced the utilization ratio of graphite anode, increased the use cost of graphite anode.2. increased the contact resistance between graphite anode and anode clamp, caused under identical Faradaic current electrolysis voltage higher, thereby increased electrolytic power consumption.3. increase anode and be clipped in exposure and the open-assembly time of molten salt electrolyte upper space, thereby increased the pollution of anode material to product. Summary of the invention The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of special-shaped graphite anode, overcome the shortcoming that former blocky graphite anode work-ing life is short, utilization ratio is low and electrolysis voltage is high. A kind of special-shaped graphite anode, it is characterized in that: the end that graphite anode is connected with anode clamp carries out suitably thickening of abnormal shape processing, the ability that corrodes to strengthen graphite anode opposing air or electrolysis atmosphere, thereby guarantee that graphite anode closely is connected all the time with anode clamp, can reduce simultaneously exposure and the open-assembly time of anode clamp at the molten salt electrolyte upper space as far as possible. Further, the suitable mode of thickening of an end that graphite anode is connected with anode clamp can be both inboard thickening, can be also that the outside thickeies, and can also be that the interior outside thickeies simultaneously; In production, concrete thickening mode, thickness and height can suitably be adjusted according to the size of electrolytic furnace body structure. Advantage of the present invention is: by adopting above three kinds of different modes, increase the graphite anode upper end and be exposed to airborne thickness, extend its aerial combustion time, the work-ing life of improving anode; Can increase on the one hand the contact area of anode clamp and graphite anode, reduce contact resistance, the while can guarantee anode in use anode clamp with graphite anode, closely be connected all the time; Can strengthen on the other hand the protection of graphite anode antianode folder, after the graphite anode thickening, ablation degree reduction in air, avoided anode clamp to be exposed to too early in the high-temperature acidic surrounding medium, causes the anode clamp material corrosion, comes off, and reduces the purity of product.Therefore the present invention can make the utilization ratio of graphite anode significantly promote, reduce material cost; Increase the contact surface of anode clamp and graphite anode, reduce contact resistance, further reduce power consumption; Reduce exposure and the open-assembly time of anode clamp, thereby reduce anode FolderThe pollution of material to product, Improving The Quality of Products. Embodiment Now the invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Be illustrated in figure 1 former graphite anode structure schematic diagram, anode clamp 1 is by tangling common block graphite anode 3 on standing screw 2.On anode clamp 1 and graphite anode 3, equal car has internal thread, by bolt, anode clamp 1 is connected with graphite anode 3. As shown in Figure 2: a kind of special-shaped graphite anode is characterized in that: the end that graphite anode 5 is connected with anode clamp 4 carries out the suitable thickening of abnormal shape processing, the form of thickening simultaneously outside employing is interior; The present invention is used in the production practice of A electrolytic furnace electrolysis production lanthanoid metal, metallic cerium, well applied and obtained good effect, its outstanding advantage is: 1. the utilization ratio of graphite anode is brought up to more than 80% by 62% original left and right, greatly reduces the use cost of graphite anode material; 2. under identical Faradaic current, electrolysis voltage drops to present 8.5V left and right by original 9.5V left and right, and electrolytic power consumption has descended more than 10%; 3. the anode clamp material only has originally 30% to the contamination level of product, and quality product significantly promotes; 4. the replacement frequency due to graphite anode reduces, and in production process, the stability of the working of a furnace further improves. Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; make without departing from the inventive concept of the premise some alternative or obvious modification that are equal to; and performance or purposes identical, should be considered as belonging to the protection domain that claims that the present invention submits to are determined.

Claims (2)

1. special-shaped graphite anode, it is characterized in that: the end that graphite anode (5) is connected with anode clamp (4) carries out suitably thickening of abnormal shape processing, the ability that corrodes to strengthen graphite anode opposing air or electrolysis atmosphere, thus guarantee that graphite anode closely is connected all the time with anode clamp. 2. special-shaped graphite anode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the end that graphite anode (5) is connected with anode clamp (4) the suitably mode of thickening can be both inboard thickening, can be also outside thickening, can also be that the interior outside thickeies simultaneously. CNXA -08-06 -08-06 Special-shaped graphite anode Pending CNA (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title CNXA CNA (en) -08-06 -08-06 Special-shaped graphite anode

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title CNXA CNA (en) -08-06 -08-06 Special-shaped graphite anode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date CNA true CNA (en) -11-20

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date CNXA Pending CNA (en) -08-06 -08-06 Special-shaped graphite anode

Country Status (1)

Country Link CN (1) CNA (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title CNA (en) * -07-15 -09-21 贺州市金利新材料有限公司 T-shaped graphite anode CNA (en) * -08-02 -11-15 东北大学 Method for preparing rare earth through molten salt electrolysis with gradually-changed polar distance

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title CNA (en) * -04-09 -10-15 兴和县木子炭素有限责任公司 Preparation method for moulding fine structure graphite anode CNU (en) * -12-21 -06-05 江西稀有金属钨业控股集团有限公司 Special-shaped tungsten cathode or molybdenum cathode

• • -08-06 CN CNXA patent/CNA/en active Pending

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title CNA (en) * -04-09 -10-15 兴和县木子炭素有限责任公司 Preparation method for moulding fine structure graphite anode CNU (en) * -12-21 -06-05 江西稀有金属钨业控股集团有限公司 Special-shaped tungsten cathode or molybdenum cathode

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party Title 刘建华: "熔盐电解法生产稀土金属的阳极消耗", 《稀土金属》 * 杨大锦等: "钙熔盐电解石墨阳极破损机理探索", 《有色金属》 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title

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Date Code Title Description -11-20 C06 Publication -11-20 PB01 Publication -12-18 C10 Entry into substantive examination -12-18 SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination -01-04 C12 Rejection of a patent application after its publication -01-04 RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

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What is graphite?

Graphite is a naturally occurring modification of carbon (chemical formula: C). Its atoms arrange themselves in the hexagonal pattern, which is typical for carbon, and thus form a hexagonal layered lattice. Graphite gets its typical grey color from its opaque grey to black crystals.

While diamond, another carbon modification, is the hardest naturally occurring material in the world with a value of 10 on the Mohs hardness scale, graphite is one of the softest with a value of 1-2. The different properties of graphite and diamond result from their structure:

Structure and properties of graphite

Graphite has a layer structure. In each layer each carbon atom is bound to three others. This results in a two-dimensional network of hexagons. Within each layer there are strong bonds, but between the different layers the bonds are very weak. Thus, the layers can easily be shifted against each other and even separated. This structure is the reason graphite is very soft and is even used as a lubricant. But graphite has other special properties as well:

Electrical conductivity of graphite

The fact that graphite is electrically conductive results from its atomic structure. Each carbon atom in a graphite crystal has four valence electrons, also called outer electrons, which can form bonds with neighboring atoms. However, only three of the four valence electrons enter into a bond, while the fourth electron remains freely mobile and thus allows electricity to be conducted.

Thermal conductivity of graphite

Graphite has excellent thermal conductivity combined with high temperature resistance. Graphite does not have a melting point; it changes from the solid state directly into the gaseous state. This process is called sublimation. In an inert gas atmosphere, graphite becomes plastically deformable starting at a temperature of °C. At temperatures above °C graphite sublimates even without the presence of oxygen.

Chemical resistance of graphite

Graphite is one of the most chemically resistant materials. It is resistant to almost all media of organic chemistry. These typically include the intermediate and/or end products in the petrochemicals, coal refining, plastics industry, the production of paints, coatings, refrigerants and antifreeze, but also in the cosmetics and food industries. Graphite is also resistant to most inorganic media, such as non-oxidizing acids, alkalis, aqueous salt solutions and most technical gases.

Download: Chemical resistance of natural graphite

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Synthetic Graphite

In the production of synthetic graphite, its later properties can be specifically influenced. Above all, the grain size of the graphite powder and the pressing method play an important role.

The synthetic production of graphite is technically possible since the end of the 19th century. In December , a patent for the graphitization of carbon was registered in the USA. The electrographite obtained in this manufacturing process was then used as a current-transmitting element in the form of electrodes and graphite thus became increasingly important for a wide range of industries.

The basis for synthetic graphite is formed by two raw materials: a carbon carrier that is as pure as possible, usually coal from crude oil, and pitch as a binder. The two raw materials are mixed to form a homogeneous mass and then processed and refined in complex high-temperature processes. The processes vary depending on the desired properties and type of synthetic graphite. This way, a process can be reproduced in the shortest possible time for which nature takes several million years.

Types of synthetic graphite

Fine-grain graphite

Some special property combinations of graphite can only be obtained if fine-grained solids are used. Therefore, the so-called fine-grain graphite was developed, which is produced by a grinding process. Fine-grain graphite is graphite with a grain size of less than 1 mm. Some fine-grain graphite even has a grain size of less than 1 µm. 

Isostatic graphite

The term "Isostatic graphite" stands for isostatically formed graphite. This means that the raw material mixture is compacted into rectangular or round blocks in a so-called cold-isostatic press (CIP). Compared to other techniques such as extrusion or vibration molding, this technology can produce the most isotropic form of synthetic graphite. In addition, isostatic graphite generally has the smallest grain sizes of all synthetic graphite.

Today, iso graphite represents a large part of the fine-grain graphite market and has found applications in over 30 different industries, from nuclear and metallurgical applications to semiconductor, solar and many others.

SIGRAFINE® isostatic graphite

Why does the lead pencil contain graphite?

The lead pencil has been used in many countries since the 17th century. At that time, however, the graphite used for writing was still thought to be lead ore, which incorrectly gave rise to the name “lead pencil”. A pencil actually doesn’t contain lead – but until today it is made of a graphite-clay mixture. Writing and drawing can be done so well with a pencil because graphite leaves a grey deposit on surfaces like paper. A pencil stroke is therefore a thin graphite deposit.

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