Many industries such as oil and gas fields depend on vacuum insulated tubing that has a high thermal resistance for transporting either extremely high or low temperature solutions such as liquid nitrogen or superheated, high pressure steam injection. Ensuring a hose is rated for liquid or gaseous transfers at such extreme pressures and temperatures is key to safety, efficiency, and an overall successful operation.
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There are already a number of hoses that use basic foam, rubber, or some other type of insulating material to prevent thermal loss during transfer. However, these types of hoses are usually only rated for warm to hot temperatures up to about 200F (93C), and mostly not rated for low temperatures at all. Even low temperature hoses for high powered chillers are only rated down to -130F (-90C).
Our collection of vacuum insulated, stainless steel flexible tubing is rated for extreme temperature ranges and pressures. At room temperature, our ¼” high pressure line has a maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) of over psi. That same ¼” hose can be used as cryogenic tubing as it can handle temperatures as low as -450F (-267C) all the way up to high temperatures of F (900C). With such an extreme range of pressure and temperature, these hoses are suitable for almost any cryogenic material or heated hydrocarbons in gas production conditions. Stainless steel is also resistant to most chemicals, so users do not need to worry about any degradation or contamination to their solution.
Operators that deal with challenging oil production at an extreme operating temperature need a high performance pipe with little maintenance. Distilling gasses from a reservoir for purification will require a pipe or tubing with low risk and a high max operating temperature. With a casing that can withstand well over a thousand psi, this flexible tubing can easily replace a rigid pipe manifold for distillation, injection, and purification applications.
Here are some specs for temperature and pressure ratings on our vacuum insulated tubing:
-Mitigate heat loss with vacuum insulation
-Maintain cryogenic temps and solutions integrity
-Prevent evaporation, loss of gas, and leaks
-Eliminate formation of ice or frost, and their melting into a wet spot on the floor
-Minimize excessive vapor and the appearance of ice
-Easily fit into any system with flexible tubing
-Economic incentives with efficient thermal preservation, means less work on heating and chilling equipment
There are a few ways that a vessel can lose heat energy, through radiation, conduction, and convection. When analyzing materials, their thermal resistance is their capability to limit the flow of heat through itself. Thermal insulation can be measured as the inverse of thermal conductivity coefficient. The more resistant a material is, the better it is for insulating and preventing heat from flowing through it.
Since a vacuum is deprived of nearly all molecules, it prevents almost all loss of heat through conduction. Convection occurs when there is a gas present to act as a carrier that transports heat. As a vacuum is void of any gasses, there can be no loss of heat energy through convection. Common forms of insulation that are dependent on air and its low thermal conductivity because their molecules do not come into contact with each other very often. Classic plastic foam insulation uses this property by housing numerous air bubbles that slow the transfer of heat.
Vacuum insulated tubing uses the opposite fundamental properties of foam insulation, as vacuum tubing has a layer that is completely lacking of air that could lead to a loss of energy. Even when transferring cryogenic materials like Liquid Nitrogen, these tubes will not develop frost or condensation and barely drop a few degrees below the ambient room temperature. Industrial gas suppliers are aware that the best way to transfer cryogenic materials is through vacuum insulated tubing, but most of these hoses are rigid pipes that are difficult to maneuver and adjust. Goldleafs collection of vacuum tubing consist of flexible stainless steel hosing that can easily be manipulated to fit into any application.
-The inner layer tube that holds the solution
-The outer layer tube that is exposed to ambient air
-Space in between the two layers that is vacuumed to remove any air
-Flexible 316L stainless steel tubing
These vacuum insulated hoses are available in lengths from 2ft - 20ft with options to make any length in between at 1 ft increments. Hose connections are tube stub compression fittings that maintain the high pressure limit of the hoses, as classic threaded fittings are not suited for the extremely high pressures that the hoses can handle.
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Overall, vacuum insulation and high pressure hoses are practically required for applications that require extreme parameters. Cryogenic materials are expensive and operators do not want to lose any of their solution as it warms up through transfer and becomes gaseous and thus unusable. On the other hand, heated hydrocarbon gasses are extremely dangerous, and it is important to use a hose that can handle the high pressures and temperatures that can come from distilling volatile gasses.
Cryogenic valves can survive and function successfully at subzero temperatures. They are used in a range of industries, including the petrochemical and aerospace industries, where fluids at such high temperatures must be handled. Although the definition of cryogenic temperature varies by industry, cryogenic valves typically function between -40°F (-40°C) and -320°F (-196°C).
Cryogenic valves are typically found in industrial facilities to take advantage of the advantages of performing procedures at cryogenic temperatures. As a result, the sections that follow showcase some of these uses.
Cryogenic valves are used in the oil and gas sector to regulate liquified gases such as liquid nitrogen, methane, and helium. Because of the convenience and safety of non-pressurized storage and transportation, these components drop to cryogenic temperatures and stay liquid. As a consequence, bigger amounts may be delivered or stored for an extended period while the pipe system functions at much lower pressure levels. To avoid corrosion issues downstream, it is vital to remove condensate, moisture, CO2, and H2S before chilling these gases into liquid.
Since World War II, the area of cryogenics has seen rapid advancement, culminating with Ed Busch’s commercialization in . Busch increased metal tool design life by up to two to four times by using cryogenic tempering rather than heat treatment. As a consequence, cryogenic valves and associated equipment are now ubiquitous in steel manufacturing facilities. Another use is the freezing of meals and biotech items like vaccinations.
Cryogenic fuels have achieved widespread acceptance in the aircraft industry throughout the years. Liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen are often used as space shuttle propellants, either alone or in conjunction with jet fuel. Cryogenic valves must be present in such systems.
As previously stated, there are several cryogenic uses. Similarly, other valve types may be used in similar applications, each with its own set of advantages. As a result, it is critical to pick the appropriate type for a given application. A tight shut-off is a fundamental property of all cryogenic valves. Cryogenic fluids are delicate, and any leakage may cause costly and dangerous damage.
The triple-offset butterfly valve is an excellent choice for cryogenic applications. This is owing to its non-friction, metal-to-metal seal, which guarantees bubble-tight shut-off and the sealing mechanism’s long-term integrity. Furthermore, they provide rapid opening and shutting motion and are an excellent alternative for remote control. The Durco TX3 butterfly valve is an example of this, with superior shutdown capabilities, low torque, and decreased wear.
These valves are spherical in form and feature a disc that rotates 90 degrees to the plane of their body seat. As a result, it is useful for long-term sealing. However, they may not withstand erosion for long and are not suggested for high-flow systems. To prevent erosion, globes should ideally come with a complete Stellite valve trim. Cryogenic fluids lose their lubricity over time, and Stellite aids in reducing valve wear and tear.
Double-seal ball valves such as the L&T and AMPO Poyam are the most often used valves for liquid gas applications. They provide superior flow characteristics to globe valves in general. They are also highly effective at establishing a tight seal. They also have a sufficiently high vapor space to facilitate gasification in the region underneath the gland. As a result, since heat transmission between the interior and outside of the valve is restricted, this maintains the gland packing around the ambient temperature. Nonetheless, because of wear problems along the seals and ball, they are preferred in applications with an unobstructed flow channel.
The gate of a conventional cryogenic gate valve is wedge-shaped and opens and closes in line with the mating body seat. As a consequence, there is very little pressure decrease when the valve is completely open. As a result, it has favorable flow properties. Gate valves such as the Poyam, L&T, and the smaller forged NEWCO Douglas-Chero are chosen for larger valve sizes over ball valves, which may be more expensive. However, gates are more difficult and costly to operate than butterfly valves, particularly as their size grows, making them unsuitable for remote control. If gates are often opened and closed, they might suffer from wear and tear. The fact that gate valves have metal-to-metal sealing surfaces means that they are not more vulnerable to cold flow than Teflon seals in ball valves.
To guard against erosion, gate valves should have a Full Stellite Trim (Stellite on both the seat and the disc). Cryogenic fluids lose their lubricity over time, and Stellite aids in reducing valve wear and tear.
Cryogenic valves, like any other form of valve, are subjected to valve testing based on the type of valve in use. Nonetheless, some of the tests that are usually required are as follows:
All cryogenic valves for liquid natural gas, methane, oxygen, ammonia, and other uses are custom-made. Cryogenic valves often feature long bonnets to keep the valve stem seals away from the cold source. This will serve two critical purposes:
Cryogenic valves for industrial use are available in a variety of sizes and pressure classifications. Sizes typically vary from 1/8 inch to 88 inches (3 mm to mm). Cryogenic valves have pressure ratings ranging from ultra-high vacuum pressure to 700 bar. All of these valves can operate at temperatures as low as - C. (-F).
The valve is positioned such that the stem has a minimum inclination of 15 degrees to the horizontality to maintain a warm gas seal. To simplify piping arrangements, the valve should be installed in a horizontal pipeline.
GMK provides you with the best quality cryogenic valves. They have different types of valves. They have a cryogenic ball valve, Cryogenic triple offset butterfly valve, forged steel cryogenic ball valve, forged steel cryogenic ball valve, forged steel cryogenic globe valve, cryogenic gate valve, cryogenic globe valve, and many more.
GMK cryogenic triple offset butterfly valve switches important operations. GMK butterfly valves use three offsets for bubble-free shut-off. Our passion is shown in the high quality of our items, which may be customized and survive harsh climates.
GMC’s unique customer service will ease your interactions with the facility. They provide affordable valve services. Cryogenic valves find widespread use in the liquefied natural gas (LNG), petrochemical, food processing, or air separation sectors. GMC’s cryogenic valves feature stainless steel bodies. GMK constantly enhances its goods and seeks new ideas to be ahead of the market. With their expertise and experience, they can help you expand you
Contact us to discuss your requirements of Thermal Insulation Materials. Our experienced sales team can help you identify the options that best suit your needs.